PHP Operators

Operators are used to performing operations on some values.

PHP Operators can be categorized in following forms:

1. Arithmetic operators
2. Assignment operators
3. Comparison operators
4. Increment/Decrement operators
5. Logical operators
6. String operators
7. Array operators
8. Conditional or Ternary Operators

Arithmetic operators:

The arithmetic operators are used to perform common arithmetical operations, such as addition, subtraction, multiplication etc. Here's a complete list of PHP's arithmetic operators.

Example:

<?php
  $x = 16; // Variable 1
  $y = 5; // Variable 2
 
  // Some arithmetic operations on these two variables
  echo ($x + $y), "\n"; 
  echo($x - $y), "\n";
  echo($x * $y), "\n";
  echo($x / $y), "\n";
  echo($x % $y), "\n";
?>

Output : 

21
11
80
3.2
1

Assignment Operators:

The assignment operators are used to assign value to different variables. The basic assignment operator is "=".

Example :

<?php
  // Simple assign operator
  $y = 25;
  echo $y, "\n";
 
  // Add then assign operator
  $y = 25;
  $y += 75;
  echo $y, "\n";
 
  // Subtract then assign operator
  $y = 60;
  $y -= 10;
  echo $y, "\n";
 
  // Multiply then assign operator
  $y = 10;
  $y *= 5;
  echo $y, "\n";
 
  // Divide then assign(quotient) operator
  $y = 50;
  $y /= 5;
  echo $y, "\n";
 
  // Divide then assign(remainder) operator
  $y = 51;
  $y %= 5;
  echo $y;
?>

Output :
25
100
50
50
10
1

Comparison operators:

The PHP comparison operators are used to compare two values (number or string)

Example:

<?php
  $a = 100;
  $b = 50;
  $c = "100";
 
  // Here var_dump function has been used to
  // display structured information. We will learn
  // about this function in complete details in further
  // articles.
  var_dump($a == $c) + "\n";
  var_dump($a != $b) + "\n";
  var_dump($a <> $b) + "\n";
  var_dump($a === $c) + "\n";
  var_dump($a !== $c) + "\n";
  var_dump($a < $b) + "\n";
  var_dump($a > $b) + "\n";
  var_dump($a <= $b) + "\n";
  var_dump($a >= $b);
?>

Output: 
bool(true)
bool(true)
bool(true)
bool(false)
bool(true)
bool(false)
bool(true)
bool(false)
bool(true)

Increment / Decrement operators:

The increment/decrement operators are used to increment/decrement a variable's value.

Example:

<?php
$x = 5;
echo ++$x; // Outputs: 6
echo $x;   // Outputs: 6
 
$x = 5;
echo $x++; // Outputs: 5
echo $x;   // Outputs: 6
 
$x = 5;
echo --$x; // Outputs: 4
echo $x;   // Outputs: 4
 
$x = 5;
echo $x--; // Outputs: 5
echo $x;   // Outputs: 4
?>

Logical Operators:

The PHP logical operators are used to combine conditional statements.

String Operators:

The string operators are used to perform the operation on strings.

Array Operators:

The array operators are used in case of array. Basically, these operators are used to compare the values of arrays.

Conditional or Ternary Operators:

The PHP Conditional or Ternary Operators are used to set a value depending on conditions: